Benzothiazoles are aromatic heterocyclic compounds with the chemical formula C7H5NS. Benzothiazoles and their derivatives are a very important class of heterocyclic compounds that are ubiquitous in nature and are mainly used in medicine, agriculture and industry. In medicine, benzothiazole derivatives are a kind of very important pharmaceutical intermediates with good pharmacological and biological activities. It can be used as a fungicide, anti-tuberculosis drug, anti-malarial, anti-convulsant, insecticide, sedative and anti-inflammatory drug, and can also be used to treat diabetes and has anti-cancer effects.
Coumarin occurs naturally in a variety of plants, such as lentils, sweet sawdust, vanilla grass, and sweet grass. Coumarin has a simple structure, benzopyrone, associated with different reaction centers. Coumarins are further subdivided into different classes: simple coumarins, pyranocoumarins, furanocoumarins, dicoumarins and isocoumarins. Coumarin derivatives are an important class of natural plant metabolites with various biological activities. They can also be synthesized artificially, and various synthetic coumarin derivatives (azoles, sulfonyls, furans, pyrazoles, etc.) have shown good anticancer, antitumor and antiproliferative activities. Coumarin derivatives are not only effective anticancer agents, but also possess minimum side effects. Based on different substitution patterns, these potential active substances show a great ability to modulate potential anticancer activities.