Tetrahydroisoquinoline is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H11N. It is classified as a secondary amine, obtained from isoquinoline by hydrogenation. The tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety forms the backbone of several natural, synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs approved for the treatment of cancer, pain, gout and various neurodegenerative diseases.
Quinolines are an important class of biologically active heterocyclic compounds, and their derivatives usually exhibit a variety of biological activities. They can be used as antimalarial drugs and in the preparation of other antimalarial drugs. Other important activities of quinoline derivatives include inhibitory activity against EGFR-TK and antipsychotic activity. Futhermore, quinoline scaffolds are present in various drug molecules, including the antimalarial drugs aablaquine, chloroquine, mefloquine and primaquine, and the antibacterial agents gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
FDA has approved XPHOZAH (tenapanor), the first and only phosphate absorption inhibitor, indicated to reduce serum phosphorus in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis as add-on therapy in patients who have an inadequate response to phosphate binders or who are intolerant of any dose of phosphate binder therapy.
XPHOZAH, with its unique blocking mechanism of action, acts locally in the gut to inhibit the sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3), reducing phosphate absorption through the paracellular pathway, the primary pathway of phosphate absorption.
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