Piperazine is an organic compound consisting of a six-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms in opposite positions in the ring. The chemical formula of piperazine is C4H10N2, and it is an important pharmaceutical intermediate. Pyrimidines and piperazines are known to be the backbone of many bulk compounds and important core structures for approved drugs; studies have shown that combining a pyridine ring with a piperazine moiety within a single structural framework enhances biological activity.
Quinolines are an important class of biologically active heterocyclic compounds, and their derivatives usually exhibit a variety of biological activities. They can be used as antimalarial drugs and in the preparation of other antimalarial drugs. Other important activities of quinoline derivatives include inhibitory activity against EGFR-TK and antipsychotic activity. Futhermore, quinoline scaffolds are present in various drug molecules, including the antimalarial drugs aablaquine, chloroquine, mefloquine and primaquine, and the antibacterial agents gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
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Pyrimidine, also known as 1,3-diazobenzene, is a heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2. Pyrimidine is formed by substituting 2 nitrogen atoms for 2 carbons in the meta-position of benzene. It is a diazine and retains its aromaticity. Derivatives of pyrimidine widely exist in organic macromolecular nucleic acids, and many drugs also contain pyrimidine rings. In nucleic acids, three nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine, thymine and uracil. There are a variety of pyrimidine-containing drugs on the market, most of which are kinase inhibitors.